If you have a script (jar, py, or whatever) or a software that you need to run as a service and also if you need it to start automatically if/when system restarts, you can follow the instructions bellow.
I’ll show 2 examples of my own: Tabula and Archivebox. They all run on my Ubuntu Server VM.
Step 1 – Create a service
Create a service at “/etc/systemd/system”. You name it and use the text editor of your preference.
I’m using “nano” and named them “tabula.service” and “archivebox.service“.
For Tabula
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/tabula.serviceEdit your file. You can use my code bellow, changing as necessary.
Note that lines beginning with a # are comments and your computer won’t execute them. You can delete them if you like. I also kept how I used in my case.
[Unit]
# Add the description of your service
# Description=Tabula
Description=YOUR_DESCRIPTION
[Service]
# Change this to your workspace (where your script will run). I decided to keep my Tabula jar file on my home directory.
# WorkingDirectory=/home/fsugi/tabula
WorkingDirectory=PATH_TO_WORKING_DIRECTORY
# Path to executable. Executable is a bash script which calls jar file.
# NOTE: bash script usually ends with ".sh" but I didn't do that. That's why my script example is "tabula"
# ExecStart=/home/fsugi/tabula/tabula
ExecStart=PATH_TO_SCRIPT
# Other options that you can change, if necessary. I suggest you keep as it.
SuccessExitStatus=143
TimeoutStopSec=10
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targetCode language: PHP (php)For Archivebox
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/archivebox.serviceEdit your file. You can use my code bellow, changing as necessary.
Note that lines beginning with a # are comments and your computer won’t execute them. You can delete them if you like. I also kept how I used in my case.
[Unit]
# Add the description of your service
# Description=Archivebox service
Description=YOUR_DESCRIPTION
[Service]
# If you need to run the service as a user, you must define them. If none is declared, root is the default.
# User=fsugi
# Group=fsugi
User=USER
Group=GROUP
# Change this to your workspace (where your script will run). I decided to keep my Tabula jar file on my home directory.
# WorkingDirectory=/home/fsugi/archivebox
WorkingDirectory=PATH_TO_WORKING_DIRECTORY
# Path to executable. Executable is a bash script which calls jar file.
# NOTE: bash script usually ends with ".sh" but I didn't do that. That's why my script example is "archivebox"
# ExecStart=/home/fsugi/archivebox/archivebox
ExecStart=PATH_TO_SCRIPT
# Other options that you can change, if necessary. I suggest you keep as it.
SuccessExitStatus=143
TimeoutStopSec=10
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=30
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.targetCode language: PHP (php)Step 2 – Create bash script to call your service
You must create now a bash script.
I’m using again “nano” as a editor. Notice that I’m not using “sudo” and I’m creating the script where I defined on the “.service” above.
For Tabula
nano /home/fsugi/tabula/tabulaEdit your file. You can use my code bellow, changing as necessary.
Note that lines beginning with a # are comments and your computer won’t execute them. You can delete them if you like. I also kept how I used in my case.
#!/bin/sh
# This is the command that runs my jar file. Notice that I wrote the complete path to run "java" binary. The other atributes are parameters defined for running Tabula
/usr/bin/java -Dfile.encoding=utf-8 -Xms256M -Xmx1024M -Dwarbler.port=1111 -jar /home/fsugi/tabula/tabula.jarCode language: PHP (php)For Archivebox
nano /home/fsugi/archivebox/archiveboxEdit your file. You can use my code bellow, changing as necessary.
Note that lines beginning with a # are comments and your computer won’t execute them. You can delete them if you like. I also kept how I used in my case.
#!/bin/sh
# Notice that I wrote the complete path to run the "archivebox" binary. The other atributes are parameters defined for running the Archivebox.
/usr/bin/archivebox server 0.0.0.0:7000Code language: PHP (php)Step 3 – Start service
Every time that you change a service, you must first reload them.
sudo systemctl daemon-reloadTo test (or start) your service (I’m using tabula as example):
sudo systemctl start tabula.serviceCode language: CSS (css)To stop your service:
sudo systemctl stop tabula.serviceCode language: CSS (css)To enable your service to automatically load on start-up:
sudo systemctl enable tabula.serviceCode language: CSS (css)To disable your service to automatically load on start-up:
sudo systemctl disable tabula.serviceCode language: CSS (css)To check the status of your service:
sudo systemctl status tabula.serviceCode language: CSS (css)It’s always good to check the status of your service while setting it up to identify errors.
Additional – Logging
If you want to check all the log for your service (I’m using the tabula.service):
sudo journalctl --unit=tabula.serviceYou can tail the live log using the -f option:
sudo journalctl -f -u tabula.serviceCode language: CSS (css)Use -n <# of lines> to view specified number of lines of log
sudo journalctl -f -n 1000 -u tabula.serviceCode language: CSS (css)